风雨钝剑的小窝

个人笔记，如有转载，请注明出处。
——by realasking


众所周知，amdgpu开源驱动的opengl硬件加速性能比amdgpu-pro闭源显卡更好，但其通过mesa实现的opencl只能支持到1.1版，而且并不总能正常的工作。如果能在开源显卡驱动的基础上安装闭源驱动中的opencl支持，显然是非常好的事情。好在AUR中就提供有这样的方案。

安装

yaourt -S opencl-amd ocl-icd opencl-headers clinfo pyopencl-headers python-pyopencl

检查

[realasking@zh-pc ~]$ clinfo 
Number of platforms                               2
  Platform Name                                   AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
  Platform Vendor                                 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
  Platform Version                                OpenCL 2.1 AMD-APP (2906.7)
  Platform Profile                                FULL_PROFILE
  Platform Extensions                             cl_khr_icd cl_amd_event_callback cl_amd_offline_devices 
  Platform Host timer resolution                  1ns
  Platform Extensions function suffix             AMD

Platform Name                                   AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
  Platform Vendor                                 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
  Platform Version                                OpenCL 2.1 AMD-APP (2906.7)
  Platform Profile                                FULL_PROFILE
  Platform Extensions                             cl_khr_icd cl_amd_event_callback cl_amd_offline_devices 
  Platform Host timer resolution                  1ns
  Platform Extensions function suffix             AMD

Platform Name                                   AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
Number of devices                                 1
  Device Name                                     gfx804
  Device Vendor                                   Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
  Device Vendor ID                                0x1002
  Device Version                                  OpenCL 1.2 AMD-APP (2906.7)
  Driver Version                                  2906.7
  Device OpenCL C Version                         OpenCL C 1.2 
  Device Type                                     GPU
  Device Board Name (AMD)                         Radeon 500 Series
  Device Topology (AMD)                           PCI-E, 01:00.0
  Device Profile                                  FULL_PROFILE
  Device Available                                Yes
  Compiler Available                              Yes
  Linker Available                                Yes
  Max compute units                               8
  SIMD per compute unit (AMD)                     4
  SIMD width (AMD)                                16
  SIMD instruction width (AMD)                    1
  Max clock frequency                             1124MHz
  Graphics IP (AMD)                               8.0
  Device Partition                                (core)
    Max number of sub-devices                     8
    Supported partition types                     None
    Supported affinity domains                    (n/a)
  Max work item dimensions                        3
  Max work item sizes                             1024x1024x1024
  Max work group size                             256
  Preferred work group size (AMD)                 256
  Max work group size (AMD)                       1024
  Preferred work group size multiple              64
  Wavefront width (AMD)                           64
  Preferred / native vector sizes

    char                                                 4 / 4

    short                                                2 / 2

    int                                                  1 / 1

    long                                                 1 / 1

    half                                                 1 / 1        (cl_khr_fp16)
    float                                                1 / 1

    double                                               1 / 1        (cl_khr_fp64)
  Half-precision Floating-point support           (cl_khr_fp16)
    Denormals                                     No
    Infinity and NANs                             No
    Round to nearest                              No
    Round to zero                                 No
    Round to infinity                             No
    IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add               No
    Support is emulated in software               No
  Single-precision Floating-point support         (core)
    Denormals                                     No
    Infinity and NANs                             Yes
    Round to nearest                              Yes
    Round to zero                                 Yes
    Round to infinity                             Yes
    IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add               Yes
    Support is emulated in software               No
    Correctly-rounded divide and sqrt operations  Yes
  Double-precision Floating-point support         (cl_khr_fp64)
    Denormals                                     Yes
    Infinity and NANs                             Yes
    Round to nearest                              Yes
    Round to zero                                 Yes
    Round to infinity                             Yes
    IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add               Yes
    Support is emulated in software               No
  Address bits                                    64, Little-Endian
  Global memory size                              2141634560 (1.995GiB)
  Global free memory (AMD)                        2071608 (1.976GiB)
  Global memory channels (AMD)                    2
  Global memory banks per channel (AMD)           16
  Global memory bank width (AMD)                  256 bytes
  Error Correction support                        No
  Max memory allocation                           1596849766 (1.487GiB)
  Unified memory for Host and Device              No
  Minimum alignment for any data type             128 bytes
  Alignment of base address                       2048 bits (256 bytes)
  Global Memory cache type                        Read/Write
  Global Memory cache size                        16384 (16KiB)
  Global Memory cache line size                   64 bytes
  Image support                                   Yes
    Max number of samplers per kernel             16
    Max size for 1D images from buffer            134217728 pixels
    Max 1D or 2D image array size                 2048 images
    Base address alignment for 2D image buffers   256 bytes
    Pitch alignment for 2D image buffers          256 pixels
    Max 2D image size                             16384x16384 pixels
    Max 3D image size                             2048x2048x2048 pixels
    Max number of read image args                 128
    Max number of write image args                8
  Local memory type                               Local
  Local memory size                               32768 (32KiB)
  Local memory syze per CU (AMD)                  65536 (64KiB)
  Local memory banks (AMD)                        32
  Max number of constant args                     8
  Max constant buffer size                        1596849766 (1.487GiB)
  Preferred constant buffer size (AMD)            16384 (16KiB)
  Max size of kernel argument                     1024
  Queue properties

    Out-of-order execution                        No
    Profiling                                     Yes
  Prefer user sync for interop                    Yes
  Profiling timer resolution                      1ns
  Profiling timer offset since Epoch (AMD)        1580776646713521172ns (Tue Feb  4 08:37:26 2020)
  Execution capabilities

    Run OpenCL kernels                            Yes
    Run native kernels                            No
    Thread trace supported (AMD)                  Yes
    Number of async queues (AMD)                  2
    Max real-time compute queues (AMD)            0
    Max real-time compute units (AMD)             0
    SPIR versions                                 1.2
  printf() buffer size                            4194304 (4MiB)
  Built-in kernels                                (n/a)
  Device Extensions                               cl_khr_fp64 cl_amd_fp64 cl_khr_global_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_global_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_int64_base_atomics cl_khr_int64_extended_atomics cl_khr_3d_image_writes cl_khr_byte_addressable_store cl_khr_fp16 cl_khr_gl_sharing cl_amd_device_attribute_query cl_amd_vec3 cl_amd_printf cl_amd_media_ops cl_amd_media_ops2 cl_amd_popcnt cl_khr_image2d_from_buffer cl_amd_bus_addressable_memory cl_khr_spir cl_khr_gl_event

Platform Name                                   AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
Number of devices                                 1
  Device Name                                     gfx902
  Device Vendor                                   Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
  Device Vendor ID                                0x1002
  Device Version                                  OpenCL 2.0 AMD-APP (2906.7)
  Driver Version                                  2906.7 (PAL,HSAIL)
  Device OpenCL C Version                         OpenCL C 2.0 
  Device Type                                     GPU
  Device Board Name (AMD)                         Unknown AMD GPU
  Device Topology (AMD)                           PCI-E, 05:00.0
  Device Profile                                  FULL_PROFILE
  Device Available                                Yes
  Compiler Available                              Yes
  Linker Available                                Yes
  Max compute units                               8
  SIMD per compute unit (AMD)                     4
  SIMD width (AMD)                                16
  SIMD instruction width (AMD)                    1
  Max clock frequency                             1100MHz
  Graphics IP (AMD)                               9.2
  Device Partition                                (core)
    Max number of sub-devices                     8
    Supported partition types                     None
    Supported affinity domains                    (n/a)
  Max work item dimensions                        3
  Max work item sizes                             1024x1024x1024
  Max work group size                             256
  Preferred work group size (AMD)                 256
  Max work group size (AMD)                       1024
  Preferred work group size multiple              64
  Wavefront width (AMD)                           64
  Preferred / native vector sizes

    char                                                 4 / 4

    short                                                2 / 2

    int                                                  1 / 1

    long                                                 1 / 1

    half                                                 1 / 1        (cl_khr_fp16)
    float                                                1 / 1

    double                                               1 / 1        (cl_khr_fp64)
  Half-precision Floating-point support           (cl_khr_fp16)
    Denormals                                     No
    Infinity and NANs                             No
    Round to nearest                              No
    Round to zero                                 No
    Round to infinity                             No
    IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add               No
    Support is emulated in software               No
  Single-precision Floating-point support         (core)
    Denormals                                     No
    Infinity and NANs                             Yes
    Round to nearest                              Yes
    Round to zero                                 Yes
    Round to infinity                             Yes
    IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add               Yes
    Support is emulated in software               No
    Correctly-rounded divide and sqrt operations  Yes
  Double-precision Floating-point support         (cl_khr_fp64)
    Denormals                                     Yes
    Infinity and NANs                             Yes
    Round to nearest                              Yes
    Round to zero                                 Yes
    Round to infinity                             Yes
    IEEE754-2008 fused multiply-add               Yes
    Support is emulated in software               No
  Address bits                                    64, Little-Endian
  Global memory size                              2684354560 (2.5GiB)
  Global free memory (AMD)                        2553760 (2.435GiB)
  Global memory channels (AMD)                    4
  Global memory banks per channel (AMD)           4
  Global memory bank width (AMD)                  256 bytes
  Error Correction support                        No
  Max memory allocation                           912680550 (870.4MiB)
  Unified memory for Host and Device              Yes
  Shared Virtual Memory (SVM) capabilities        (core)
    Coarse-grained buffer sharing                 Yes
    Fine-grained buffer sharing                   Yes
    Fine-grained system sharing                   No
    Atomics                                       No
  Minimum alignment for any data type             128 bytes
  Alignment of base address                       2048 bits (256 bytes)
  Preferred alignment for atomics

    SVM                                           0 bytes
    Global                                        0 bytes
    Local                                         0 bytes
  Max size for global variable                    821412352 (783.4MiB)
  Preferred total size of global vars             2684354560 (2.5GiB)
  Global Memory cache type                        Read/Write
  Global Memory cache size                        16384 (16KiB)
  Global Memory cache line size                   64 bytes
  Image support                                   Yes
    Max number of samplers per kernel             16
    Max size for 1D images from buffer            134217728 pixels
    Max 1D or 2D image array size                 2048 images
    Base address alignment for 2D image buffers   256 bytes
    Pitch alignment for 2D image buffers          256 pixels
    Max 2D image size                             16384x16384 pixels
    Max 3D image size                             2048x2048x2048 pixels
    Max number of read image args                 128
    Max number of write image args                64
    Max number of read/write image args           64
  Max number of pipe args                         16
  Max active pipe reservations                    16
  Max pipe packet size                            912680550 (870.4MiB)
  Local memory type                               Local
  Local memory size                               65536 (64KiB)
  Local memory syze per CU (AMD)                  65536 (64KiB)
  Local memory banks (AMD)                        32
  Max number of constant args                     8
  Max constant buffer size                        912680550 (870.4MiB)
  Preferred constant buffer size (AMD)            16384 (16KiB)
  Max size of kernel argument                     1024
  Queue properties (on host)

    Out-of-order execution                        No
    Profiling                                     Yes
  Queue properties (on device)

    Out-of-order execution                        Yes
    Profiling                                     Yes
    Preferred size                                262144 (256KiB)
    Max size                                      8388608 (8MiB)
  Max queues on device                            1
  Max events on device                            1024
  Prefer user sync for interop                    Yes
  Number of P2P devices (AMD)                     0
  P2P devices (AMD)                               (n/a)
  Profiling timer resolution                      1ns
  Profiling timer offset since Epoch (AMD)        1580776646713519545ns (Tue Feb  4 08:37:26 2020)
  Execution capabilities

    Run OpenCL kernels                            Yes
    Run native kernels                            No
    Thread trace supported (AMD)                  Yes
    Number of async queues (AMD)                  4
    Max real-time compute queues (AMD)            0
    Max real-time compute units (AMD)             0
    SPIR versions                                 1.2
  printf() buffer size                            4194304 (4MiB)
  Built-in kernels                                (n/a)
  Device Extensions                               cl_khr_fp64 cl_amd_fp64 cl_khr_global_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_global_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_base_atomics cl_khr_local_int32_extended_atomics cl_khr_int64_base_atomics cl_khr_int64_extended_atomics cl_khr_3d_image_writes cl_khr_byte_addressable_store cl_khr_fp16 cl_khr_gl_sharing cl_khr_gl_depth_images cl_amd_device_attribute_query cl_amd_vec3 cl_amd_printf cl_amd_media_ops cl_amd_media_ops2 cl_amd_popcnt cl_khr_image2d_from_buffer cl_khr_spir cl_khr_subgroups cl_khr_gl_event cl_khr_depth_images cl_khr_mipmap_image cl_khr_mipmap_image_writes cl_amd_copy_buffer_p2p

NULL platform behavior
  clGetPlatformInfo(NULL, CL_PLATFORM_NAME, ...)  AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
  clGetDeviceIDs(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_ALL, ...)   Success [AMD]
  clCreateContext(NULL, ...) [default]            Success [AMD]
  clCreateContext(NULL, ...) [other]              Success [AMD]
  clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_DEFAULT)  Success (1)
    Platform Name                                 AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
    Device Name                                   gfx804
  clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_CPU)  No devices found in platform
  clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_GPU)  Success (1)
    Platform Name                                 AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
    Device Name                                   gfx804
  clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_ACCELERATOR)  No devices found in platform
  clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_CUSTOM)  No devices found in platform
  clCreateContextFromType(NULL, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_ALL)  Success (1)
    Platform Name                                 AMD Accelerated Parallel Processing
    Device Name                                   gfx804

ICD loader properties
  ICD loader Name                                 OpenCL ICD Loader
  ICD loader Vendor                               OCL Icd free software
  ICD loader Version                              2.2.12
  ICD loader Profile                              OpenCL 2.2

切换显卡

使用环境变量PYOPENCL_CTX='0'或'1'

个人操作笔记，转载请注明出处。

——by realasking

最近，不知什么原因，导致更新系统后grub-fedora这个能支持中文的grub引导器不能正常工作了，只要使用更新的内核，就提示UUID错误，无论是休眠还是根的都找不到，无论用USB Live启动重装grub还是直接在系统中通过重装grub-fedora这个包，都如此。而将其更换为标准的grub则会在启动时提示找不到一个中文的组件，仔细检查也未能找到原因。为了节约时间，决定更换一个启动器。

refind的安装

pacman -S refind-efi refind-drivers refind-theme-maia
refind-install

配置文件

位置在：/boot/efi/EFI/refind/refind.conf

内容为：

timeout 20
resolution 1920 1080
use_graphics_for linux,windows
#确保使用自定义的，才能保证内核参数的传递
scanfor manual,external
#禁止扫描一些多余、重复的内容
dont_scan_dirs boot,EFI/Manjaro,EFI/Boot
menuentry "Manjaro Linux" {
    #manjaro图片是从maia主题中拷贝过去的
    icon EFI/refind/icons/os_manjaro.png
    #volume后面跟的是part guid
    volume 0b6e08ea-62b7-4ba1-9c41-4ba41a6ec29f
    loader /boot/vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64
    initrd /boot/initramfs-4.19-x86_64.img
    #preload的initrd，如amd-ucode等，需要添加在options的最后，空格要用\转义
    options "ro root=UUID=根分区的UUID rw  quiet apparmor=1 security=apparmor resume=UUID=SWAP的UUID udev.log_priority=3 audit=0 acpi_osi=Windows\ 2015 reboot=kbd ivrs_ioapic[32]=00:14.0 amd_iommu=on idle=nomwait bootsplash.bootfile=bootsplash-themes/manjaro/bootsplash initrd=/boot/amd-ucode.img"
}
menuentry "Windows 10" {
    loader \EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi
}
include refind-theme-dark/theme.conf

更换主题

git clone https://github.com/samuelmeuli/refind-theme-dark.git
sudo su
cp refind-theme-dark /boot/efi/EFI/refind

然后编辑refind-theme-dark/theme.conf文件，删去其中的所有themes/

再编辑/boot/efi/EFI/refind/refind.conf文件，将最后一行改为：

include refind-theme-dark/theme.conf

再将背景图片用gimp修改为全黑，以保证windows和linux启动时的效果

BIOS设置

重启电脑，按F2进入BIOS设置，在Secure中关闭安全启动、重置Key、进入自定义设置模式，然后按F10保存退出

自定义安全启动

各种安全文件的建立

参考如何在 Linux 系统启用 UEFI 的 Secure Boot

mkdir mok2
cd mok2
echo $(uuidgen) >guid
cat guid 
echo  77fa9abd-0359-4d32-bd60-28f4e78f784b >ms-guid
openssl req -new -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -subj "/CN=Platform Key/" -keyout PK.key -out PK.crt -days 3650 -nodes -sha256
openssl req -new -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -subj "/CN=Key Exchange Key/" -keyout KEK.key -out KEK.crt -days 3650 -nodes -sha256
openssl req -new -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -subj "/CN=Database/" -keyout db.key -out db.crt -days 3650 -nodes -sha256
cert-to-efi-sig-list -g $(cat guid) PK.crt PK.esl
cert-to-efi-sig-list -g $(cat guid) KEK.crt KEK.esl
cert-to-efi-sig-list -g $(cat guid) db.crt db.esl
curl -L http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=321185 -o MSKEK.der
curl -L http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=321192 -o MSdbWPCA.der
curl -L http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=321194 -o MSdbUDSCA.der
openssl x509 -in MSKEK.der -inform DER -out MSKEK.crt
openssl x509 -in MSdbWPCA.der -inform DER -out MSdbWPCA.crt
openssl x509 -in MSdbUDSCA.der -inform DER -out MSdbUDSCA.crt
cert-to-efi-sig-list -g $(cat ms-guid) MSKEK.crt MSKEK.esl
cert-to-efi-sig-list -g $(cat ms-guid) MSdbWPCA.crt MSdbWPCA.esl
cert-to-efi-sig-list -g $(cat ms-guid) MSdbUDSCA.crt MSdbUDSCA.esl
cat KEK.esl MSKEK.esl >realKEK.esl
cat db.esl MSdbWPCA.esl MSdbUDSCA.esl >realDB.esl
sign-efi-sig-list -k PK.key -c PK.crt PK PK.esl PK.esl.signed
sign-efi-sig-list -k PK.key -c PK.crt KEK realKEK.esl realKEK.esl.signed
sign-efi-sig-list -k KEK.key -c KEK.crt db realDB.esl realDB.esl.signed
#manjaro默认挂载了efivarfs分区的
efi-updatevar -f PK.esl.signed PK
efi-updatevar -f realKEK.esl.signed KEK
efi-updatevar -f realDB.esl.signed db

签名过程

与前面参考过程的文章不同，使用refind实现secure boot时需要对多个文件签名，而不是使用grub时那样仅对一个文件签名

cp /boot/efi/EFI/refind/refind_x64.efi refind_x64.efi.origin
sbsign --key db.key --cert db.crt --output refind_x64.efi.signed refind_x64.efi.origin
cp refind_x64.efi.signed /boot/efi/EFI/refind/refind_x64.efi
cp refind_x64.efi.signed /boot/efi/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi
cp /boot/efi/EFI/refind/drivers_x64/ext4_x64.efi ext4_x64.efi.origin
sbsign --key db.key --cert db.crt --output ext4_x64.efi.signed ext4_x64.efi.origin
cp ext4_x64.efi.signed /boot/efi/EFI/refind/drivers_x64/ext4_x64.efi
cp /boot/vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64 vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64.origin
sbsign --key db.key --cert db.crt --output vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64.signed vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64.origin
cp vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64.signed /boot/vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64

后续

重启，进入BIOS，打开Secure Boot，然后就一切正常了。
这个方法也存在一个缺点，即每次更新内核后，都必须对内核再次签名，不如使用grub时方便，不过refind比grub好看一点，而且我的机器上grub出现问题时它能正常使用，暂且如此罢。

个人原创，如有转载，请注明出处。
——by realasking

问题：在Manjaro Linux上，使用KDE桌面的情况下，将Emacs服务启动会导致关机卡住

表现：

1. 若用systemd设置服务：
   

   systemctl enable --user emacs
   systemctl start --user emacs

   
   

   则重启后关机时长时间无法关机，按Esc能看到关机过程卡在：

   A stop job is running for User Manager for UID 1000

2. 若不用systemd设置服务，而是在.xprofile中添加：
   

   /usr/bin/emacs --daemon&

   
   

   则重启后关机时也长时间无法关机，关机过程卡在：

   A stop job is running for Session2 of user ...

   
   

   诊断：

   
   

   日志都正常，关机时导出dmesg信息也未见异常，但是执行以下语句后关机卡住的问题消失：

   pkill -9 emacs
   shutdown -r now

   
   

   解决方法：

   
   

   第一种方法是安装使用lucid而不使用gtk的Emacs版本

   
   

   yaourt -S emacs-lucid

   
   

   然后可以用在.xprofile中启动Emacs服务。

   
   

   第二种方法是仍然使用普通Emacs版本，但系统中需要安装几个包：

   
   

   yaourt -S xorg-sessreg gnome-session gnome-keyring

   
   

   然后无论用systemd启动服务，还是在.xprofile中设置均可正常工作。

   
   

   补充第三种办法：

   
   

   第三种方法是仍然使用普通Emacs版本，但配置文件中关闭desktop-save-mode，session和auto-save，然后用systemd启动服务即可。

个人原创，如有转载，请注明出处。

——by realasking

最近需要使用python做一个规模较大的脚本，之前那种采用某种编辑器写完脚本后再执行看结果的做法已经不再合适，我需要一个自由度较高的python的ide。在考察了若干ide后，最后我选择了Emacs，不过，Linux下的配置比较成功，而Windows下则遇到了一些问题，这里对解决过程做了一点记录。

如何右键打开文件

GNU组织提供了一个官方解决方案: MsWindowsGlobalContextMenu

操作如下：

1. 根据实际情况，我建立了注册表文件rightclick.reg，内容如下：

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
;; Be sure to set the correct path to Emacs on your system!
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\*\shell]

;; Open file in existing frame
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\*\shell\emacsopencurrentframe]
@=&Emacs: Open File
icon=D:\\Program Files\\Emacs\\emacs-26.2-x86_64\\bin\\emacsclientw.exe
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\*\shell\emacsopencurrentframe\command]
@=D:\\Program Files\\Emacs\\emacs-26.2-x86_64\\bin\\emacsclientw.exe -n --alternate-editor=\D:\\Program Files\\Emacs\\emacs-26.2-x86_64\\bin\\runemacs.exe\ \%1\

;; Open file in new frame
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\*\shell\emacsopennewframe]
@=&Emacs: Open in new Window
icon=D:\\Program Files\\Emacs\\emacs-26.2-x86_64\\bin\\emacsclientw.exe
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\*\shell\emacsopennewframe\command]
@=D:\\Program Files\\Emacs\\emacs-26.2-x86_64\\bin\\emacsclientw.exe -n --alternate-editor=\D:\\Program Files\\Emacs\\emacs-26.2-x86_64\\bin\\runemacs.exe\ -c \%1\

0. 在D:\Program Files\Emacs\emacs-26.2-x86_64\bin下建立runemacs.exe的快捷方式，然后拷贝到shell:startup下
1. 重启电脑

显示字体太小

解决方法：

Options->Set Default font，选择微软雅黑，字号设置为14，然后Save Options

Emacs启动窗口太小

如果直接运行runemacs.exe启动Emacs，有很多方法设置启动窗口大小和位置，但是在Windows下通过emacsclientw.exe来启动，这些方法基本都无效，唯一有效的方法是将Emacs启动窗口设为最大化，做法是将如下语句添加到init.el中：

(add-hook 'window-setup-hook 'toggle-frame-fullscreen t)
(add-to-list 'default-frame-alist '(fullscreen . maximized))

之所以一定要使用服务器-客户端的模式启动Emacs，是因为Windows下Emacs启动实在太慢了。

打开英文和希腊字母混合的文档乱码

解决办法：

1.下载unicad

2.拷贝到.emacs.d/lisp文件夹下

3.将如下语句添加到init.el中：

(push (expand-file-name ~/.emacs.d/lisp) load-path)
(require 'unicad)

个人原创，如有转载，请注明出处。
——by realasking

最近将系统中的UC等浏览器卸载了，但google-chrome因为一些众说周知的原因使用上有些许不便，之前就听闻微软的edge开发版使用了chromium内核，于是就想试一试。

上周，到Microsoft Edge Dev官网下载并安装了该版本，但是除了第一次正常弹出，始终无法启动。后来发现，若是打开cmd，然后进入到浏览器安装目录，用命令执行就能启动。昨天微软更新了新版本，于是进行了重装，但是还是无法使用，在网上反复搜索无果后，就检查了一下日志。

用事件查看器发现，Windows日志-系统中有如下错误：

应用程序-特定 权限设置并未向在应用程序容器 不可用 SID (不可用)中运行的地址 LocalHost (使用 LRPC) 中的用户 LAP-REALASKING\realasking SID (S-1-5-21-2267091188-1510826362-859863117-1001)授予针对 CLSID 为  {2593F8B9-4EAF-457C-B68A-50F6B8EA6B54} 、APPID 为  {15C20B67-12E7-4BB6-92BB-7AFF07997402}  的 COM 服务器应用程序的 本地 激活 权限。此安全权限可以使用组件服务管理工具进行修改。

于是就打开注册表，找到：

计算机\HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\AppID\{15c20b67-12e7-4bb6-92bb-7aff07997402}

单击右键，点击权限-高级，更改所有者为本地当前用户，然后重启计算机，一切就都正常了。